਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} ਍⸀䌀㄀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀　　㘀㘀䌀䌀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} ਍⸀䌀伀一吀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 爀椀最栀琀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀䘀䘀　　　　㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ ਍㰀䴀䔀吀䄀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀∀挀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀唀吀䘀ⴀ㠀∀㸀㰀⼀䠀䔀䄀䐀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀䘀伀一吀 䄀䰀䤀䜀一㴀∀䨀唀匀吀䤀䘀夀∀ 䘀䄀䌀䔀㴀∀吀愀栀漀洀愀∀㸀ഀഀ

ḌERĀ, a word of Persian extraction, has several connotations. The original Persian word ḍerāh or dirāh means a tent, camp, abode, house or habitation. In current usage in rural Punjab, a farmhouse or a group of farmhouses built away from the village proper is called ḍerā. Even after such an habitation develops into a separate village or a town, it may continue to be called ḍerā, e. g. Ḍerā Bassī in Paṭiālā district of the Punjab, or Ḍerā Ghāzī Khān and Derā Ismā'īl Khān in Pakistan. Where colloquially used in place of Hindi deharā, the word will carry the connotation of a temple or memorial over a cremation site. The examples are Ḍerā Sāhib Gurdwārā at Lahore and Ḍerā Bābā Nānak, a town in Gurdāspur district of the Punjab.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀ऀ䤀渀 愀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 戀甀琀 渀漀琀 琀漀琀愀氀氀礀 甀渀爀攀氀愀琀攀搀 猀攀渀猀攀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀 椀猀 愀瀀瀀愀爀攀渀琀氀礀 搀攀爀椀瘀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀 㰀椀㸀搀愀椀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 洀攀愀渀椀渀最 愀 洀漀渀愀猀琀攀爀礀 漀爀 挀漀渀瘀攀渀琀⸀ 䴀漀渀愀猀琀攀爀椀攀猀Ⰰ 栀攀爀洀椀琀愀最攀猀 漀爀 猀攀洀椀渀愀爀椀攀猀 猀攀琀 甀瀀 戀礀 爀攀氀椀最椀漀甀猀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀猀 愀爀攀 愀氀洀漀猀琀 椀渀瘀愀爀椀愀戀氀礀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 㰀椀㸀☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 吀栀攀礀Ⰰ 琀漀漀Ⰰ 愀爀攀 甀猀甀愀氀氀礀 愀琀 猀漀洀攀 搀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 渀攀愀爀攀猀琀 瘀椀氀氀愀最攀 漀爀 琀漀眀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀愀瘀攀 愀渀 攀砀挀氀甀猀椀瘀攀氀礀 洀愀氀攀 瀀漀瀀甀氀愀琀椀漀渀⸀ 䘀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 䐀愀甀搀栀愀爀 ☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㈀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀⸀ 䄀洀漀渀最 匀椀欀栀猀Ⰰ 一椀爀洀愀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀 愀渀搀 唀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀 栀愀瘀攀 琀栀攀椀爀 㰀椀㸀☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 猀瀀爀攀愀搀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀猀椀搀攀⸀ 䄀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀爀愀渀琀栀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀 椀猀 椀渀猀琀愀氀氀攀搀 椀渀 洀漀猀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀洀Ⰰ 琀栀攀椀爀 挀甀猀琀漀搀椀愀渀猀 瀀爀攀昀攀爀 琀漀 挀愀氀氀 琀栀攀洀 㰀椀㸀☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 㰀椀㸀最甀爀搀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

         In Sikh times, the word ḍerā was also used for army camps or cantonments to particularize regiments or armies commanded by different generals, such as Ḍerah Ghoṛchaṛhā Khās Shām Siṅgh Aṭārīvālā, Ḍerah Rāmgaṛhīāṅ, Ḍerah Naulakkhā and Ḍerah Imām ud-Dīn.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䤀渀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀爀愀渀琀栀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀 ☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀攀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 椀猀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 洀攀愀渀 愀戀漀搀攀 漀爀 氀椀瘀椀渀最 瀀氀愀挀攀Ⰰ 瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀琀 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀 ⠀䜀䜀Ⰰ ㈀㔀㘀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀氀猀漀 椀渀 琀栀攀 猀攀渀猀攀 漀昀 愀 挀愀洀瀀 漀爀 挀椀琀愀搀攀氀 ⠀䜀䜀Ⰰ 㘀㈀㠀⤀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀䤀䈀∀㸀ഀഀ BIBLIOGRAPHY

  1. Fauja Siṅgh, Military System of the Sikhs. Delhi, 1964
    ਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䌀甀渀渀椀渀最栀愀洀Ⰰ 䨀⸀ 䐀⸀ Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀䄀 䠀椀猀琀漀爀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䰀漀渀搀漀渀Ⰰ ㄀㠀㐀㤀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

Major Gurmukh Siṅgh (Retd.)


਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀䠀吀䴀䰀㸀㰀⼀䈀伀䐀夀㸀ഀഀ