<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>AMARN&#256M&#256</TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
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</style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="AMARNĀMĀ">਍㰀䴀䔀吀䄀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀∀挀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀唀吀䘀ⴀ㠀∀㸀㰀⼀䠀䔀䄀䐀㸀ഀഀ
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<p class="C1">&#65279AMARN&#256M&#256, a Persian work comprising 146 verses composed in AD 1708 by Bh&#257&#299 Natth Mall, a <i>&#7693h&#257&#7693&#299</i> or balladeer who lived from the time of Gur&#363 Hargobind to that of Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh, N&#257nak X. The manuscript of the work in Gurmukh&#299 script obtained from Bh&#257&#299 Fatt&#257, ninth in descent from Bh&#257&#299 Natth Mall, through Gi&#257n&#299 Gurdit Si&#7749gh, then editor of the Punjabi daily, the <i>Prak&#257sh</i>, Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257, was edited by Dr Ga&#7751&#7693&#257 Si&#7749gh and published by Sikh History Society, Amritsar/ Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257 in 1953.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀瀀攀渀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 眀漀爀搀猀 ∀㰀椀㸀愀琀栀 䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 琀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀 䜀漀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀瘀愀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 匀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䴀甀欀栀瘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀欀 倀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀猀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 ㄀　∀㰀⼀椀㸀 ⠀吀栀椀猀 㰀椀㸀䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀 眀愀猀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 漀渀 琀栀攀 戀愀渀欀 漀昀 琀栀攀 刀椀瘀攀爀 䜀漀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀瘀愀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 戀礀 琀栀攀 吀攀渀琀栀 䰀漀爀搀Ⰰ 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀⤀ 愀渀搀 攀渀搀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 眀漀爀搀猀 ∀㰀椀㸀椀琀椀 匀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䴀甀欀栀瘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀欀 倀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀猀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀猀愀洀 猀愀琀椀 猀愀洀瀀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀爀愀渀㰀⼀椀㸀∀ ⠀吀栀甀猀 琀栀椀猀 㰀椀㸀䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀  漀昀 琀栀攀 吀攀渀琀栀 䴀愀猀琀攀爀 眀愀猀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀搀⤀⸀ 䤀渀 猀瀀椀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 猀琀愀琀攀洀攀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 椀渀 猀瀀椀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀愀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 愀琀 瀀氀愀挀攀猀 甀猀攀猀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀 愀渀搀 搀椀爀攀挀琀猀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀Ⰰ 愀猀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀Ⰰ 琀漀 昀漀氀氀漀眀 挀攀爀琀愀椀渀 爀甀氀攀猀 漀昀 挀漀渀搀甀挀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 眀漀爀欀 挀氀攀愀爀氀礀 椀猀 渀漀琀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 戀甀琀 琀栀愀琀 漀昀 愀 瀀漀攀琀 眀栀漀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 愀 瘀椀攀眀 琀漀 椀洀瀀愀爀琀椀渀最 愀甀琀栀攀渀琀椀挀椀琀礀 琀漀 椀琀Ⰰ 愀琀琀爀椀戀甀琀攀搀 椀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀⸀ 䤀琀 猀攀攀洀猀 琀栀愀琀 一愀琀琀栀 䴀愀氀氀 愀渀搀 栀椀猀 猀漀渀 栀愀搀 愀挀挀漀洀瀀愀渀椀攀搀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䐀攀挀挀愀渀 愀渀搀 攀渀琀攀爀琀愀椀渀攀搀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀 愀昀琀攀爀渀漀漀渀 愀猀猀攀洀戀氀椀攀猀 爀攀挀椀琀椀渀最 栀攀爀漀椀挀 瀀漀攀琀爀礀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 攀瘀攀渀琀猀 渀愀爀爀愀琀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀洀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀 椀琀 挀愀渀 攀愀猀椀氀礀 戀攀 猀甀爀洀椀猀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 眀愀猀 愀渀 攀礀攀ⴀ眀椀琀渀攀猀猀 琀漀 洀漀猀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀洀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The <i>Amarn&#257m&#257</i> is not a work of any high literary merit. The author, a Punjabi, possessed very little knowledge of Persian and his verse is desultory. However, it is historically very valuable, not only because it is a composition coming from one of Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh's contemporaries and his companions but also because the author had personal knowledge of the events described in it. The work briefly refers to Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh's meeting with Band&#257 on 3 September 1708, on the occasion of the solar eclipse, the fighting between the Sikhs and Band&#257's men, the lodging of complaints by Hindus against the Gur&#363 before Emperor Bah&#257dur Sh&#257h, Bh&#257&#299 Nand L&#257l's presence in the Emperor's camp at N&#257nde&#7693, the Gur&#363's generous and lavish distribution of charity among the needy, and the dispatch of Band&#257 Si&#7749gh with five Sikhs to the Punjab. Among Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh's precepts recorded in the text, primacy attaches to Sikhs receiving the rites of <i>amrit</i>, i. e. baptism of the double edged sword, disregarding Br&#257hma&#7751ical counsel (127-28). They must at all stages of their life, in childhood and in youth and before the end comes, seek to remain baptized (142-44). Animals must not be slaughtered in the Muslim way of <i>hal&#257l</i>  (132). As Sikhs engage in amusement and festivity, they must in the afternoon listen to bards reciting ballads (135).</p>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀䈀栀愀最愀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
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