<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>AK&#256L-PURAKH</TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
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</style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="AKĀL,PURAKH">਍㰀䴀䔀吀䄀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀∀挀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀唀吀䘀ⴀ㠀∀㸀㰀⼀䠀䔀䄀䐀㸀ഀഀ
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<p class="C1">&#65279AK&#256L-PURAKH stands in Sikh religious literature for the Divine Being, i. e. God. Like Ak&#257l, M&#363rati, it is composed of two units, viz. <i>ak&#257l</i> (non-temporal) and <i>pura<u>kh</u></i> (person). The latter figures in M&#363l-Mantra, the preamble to Gur&#363 N&#257nak's <i>Japu</i>, in conjunction with   <i>Kart&#257</i> (Creator), the whole expression implying the Creator Divine Person. In the Sikh tradition, the expression Ak&#257l-Purakh has gained common currency like the terms V&#257higur&#363 and Satin&#257m, equivalently used</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀倀甀爀愀欀栀✀ 愀猀 愀 氀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀 猀礀洀戀漀氀 搀攀爀椀瘀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 匀愀渀猀欀爀椀琀 㰀椀㸀瀀甀爀甀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㤀愀㰀⼀椀㸀 ⠀洀愀渀⤀Ⰰ 椀渀瘀愀爀椀愀戀氀礀 攀洀瀀氀漀礀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 洀愀猀挀甀氀椀渀攀 最攀渀搀攀爀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 嘀攀搀椀挀 氀椀琀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 琀攀爀洀 愀氀猀漀 猀琀愀渀搀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 眀漀爀氀搀Ⰰ 椀渀搀椀挀愀琀椀渀最 琀栀攀 攀渀琀椀爀攀琀礀 漀昀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀愀氀 攀砀椀猀琀攀渀挀攀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 漀昀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀欀栀礀愀 愀渀搀 夀漀最愀Ⰰ 倀甀爀甀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㤀愀Ⰰ 愀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀眀漀 挀愀爀搀椀渀愀氀 洀攀琀愀瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 瀀爀椀渀挀椀瀀氀攀猀Ⰰ 猀琀愀渀搀猀 昀漀爀 猀瀀椀爀椀琀甀愀氀椀琀礀 漀爀 猀椀洀瀀氀礀 挀漀渀猀挀椀漀甀猀渀攀猀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 攀砀攀爀琀猀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 㰀椀㸀倀爀愀欀爀椀琀椀㰀⼀椀㸀 ⠀一愀琀甀爀攀⤀ 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 椀渀 椀琀猀 洀愀欀攀ⴀ甀瀀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀爀攀 漀昀 㰀椀㸀瀀甀爀甀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㤀愀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀昀漀爀攀Ⰰ 椀猀 挀漀渀猀挀椀漀甀猀渀攀猀猀Ⰰ 搀攀渀漀琀攀搀 戀礀 㰀椀㸀挀栀椀琀㰀⼀椀㸀 椀渀 琀栀攀 匀愀琀ⴀ䌀栀椀琀ⴀ䄀渀愀渀搀 挀漀渀挀攀瀀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䄀戀猀漀氀甀琀攀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 挀漀渀渀漀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀攀爀洀 椀渀瘀攀猀琀猀 ✀倀甀爀愀欀栀✀ 眀椀琀栀 猀瀀椀爀椀琀甀愀氀椀琀礀Ⰰ 猀椀最渀椀昀礀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䐀椀瘀椀渀攀 倀攀爀猀漀渀⸀ 䤀渀 挀漀渀樀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 㰀椀㸀愀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 攀砀瀀爀攀猀猀椀漀渀 愀猀 愀 眀栀漀氀攀 洀攀愀渀猀 琀栀攀 䔀瘀攀爀氀愀猀琀椀渀最 䐀椀瘀椀渀攀 倀攀爀猀漀渀 ⠀䜀漀搀⤀Ⰰ 椀渀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 氀椀琀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'Ak&#257l Purakhu' as a single composite term appears only once in the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib (GG, 1038). We also come across the term in Gur&#363 R&#257m D&#257s, Gau&#7771&#299-P&#363rab&#299, Karhale (GG, 235), but in the inverse form as Purakhu-Ak&#257li. However, the <i>Dasam Granth</i> compositions of Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh often employ Ak&#257l-Purakh as a substitute for God, the Eternal Being. Ak&#257l being a cardinal and central concept in Sikhism, its use alongside of <i>Purakh</i>, accords it a distinct theological status.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀椀㸀匀攀攀㰀⼀椀㸀 䄀䬀☀⌀㈀㔀㘀䰀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀䤀䈀∀㸀ഀഀ
BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Talib, Gurbachan Singh, <i>Japuji : The Immortal Prayer-chant</i>. Delhi, 1997<BR>਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 吀爀椀氀漀挀栀愀渀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ ☀⌀㠀㈀㈀　吀栀攀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 䌀漀渀挀攀瀀琀猀 漀昀 匀椀欀栀椀猀洀∀ 椀渀 㰀椀㸀匀椀欀栀椀猀洀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㘀㤀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
<li class="C1"> Sher Singh, <i>The Philosophy of Sikhism</i>. Lahore, 1944<BR>਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 一爀椀瀀椀渀搀攀爀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀吀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 䴀漀爀愀氀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䐀攀氀栀椀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀　㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
<li class="C1"> Jodh Si&#7749gh, Bh&#257&#299, <i>Gurmati Nir&#7751aya</i>. Ludhiana, 1932<BR>਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 吀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 一愀爀漀琀愀洀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀嘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀最甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 匀愀戀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀琀栀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀Ⰰ ㄀㠀㘀㈀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
<li class="C1"> S&#257dh&#363 Si&#7749gh, <i>Gur&#363 Sikhy&#257 Prabh&#257kar</i>. Lucknow, 1893<BR>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀圀愀稀椀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
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